Turkmenistan is the southernmost republic of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS). Its longest border is with the Caspian Sea and borders with Iran, Afghanistan, Uzbekistan and Kazakhstan.
Turkmenistan is largely a desert country with intensive agriculture in parts of the country and large oil & gas resources. The largest crop is cotton which is largely exported – agriculture accounts for roughly 10% of GDP. Turkmenistan’s government has taken a cautious approach to economic reform, using natural gas and cotton export revenues to sustain its inefficient and highly corrupt economy.
Published: 2019
Report Data: 2018
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